目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病 (COPD)继发肺部真菌感染的临床特征及危险因素。方法回顾性分析 32例COPD继发肺部真菌感染患者的临床资料。结果COPD继发肺部真菌感染临床表现无特异性 ,胸部X线表现以支气管肺炎为多见 ,病原菌主要以白色念珠菌为主。广谱高效抗生素、糖皮质激素的应用和低蛋白血症、高龄是继发真菌感染的主要危险因素。结论降低COPD继发真菌感染发病率的主要途径是避免盲目使用高效广谱抗生素及糖皮质激素 ,预防医源性感染 ,增加患者的免疫力。 Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of pulmonary fungal infection secondary to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods The clinical data of 32 patients with COPD secondary to pulmonary fungal infection were retrospectively analyzed. Results The clinical manifestations of pulmonary fungal infection secondary to COPD were nonspecific. The chest X-ray findings were more common in bronchopneumonia. The main pathogens were Candida albicans. Broad-spectrum antibiotics, glucocorticoid and hypoproteinemia, senile secondary fungal infection is the main risk factor. Conclusions The main way to reduce the incidence of secondary fungal infections in COPD is to avoid blind use of high-efficiency broad-spectrum antibiotics and glucocorticoids to prevent iatrogenic infection and increase the patient’s immunity.