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通过 3年连续保护地栽培蔬菜小区试验 ,对滴灌、渗灌、沟灌 3种灌水方法的土壤盐分积累状况进行了比较研究。试验后 0～ 2 0 cm土层土壤全盐含量以沟灌最高 ,渗灌次之 ,滴灌最低 ;滴灌土壤 p H下降幅度明显低于渗灌和沟灌土壤。在 0～ 2 0 cm土层内全盐含量呈幂指数形式分布 ,即地表处含量最高 ,随深度增加逐渐下降 ;而土壤 p H则随深度增加而直线上升。另外 ,土壤中可溶性盐的阴离以 NO-3 为主 ,阳离子以 Ca2 + 为主。这说明选择合理灌水方法 ,是防止土壤退化、提高保护地作物产量和质量的有效途径。
Through three years of continuous cultivation of vegetables in protected areas, drip irrigation, seepage irrigation, furrow irrigation three kinds of soil salinity accumulation were compared. The total salt content of 0 ~ 200 cm soil layer after irrigation was highest in furrow irrigation, followed by infiltration irrigation, and lowest in drip irrigation. The decline of p H in drip irrigation soil was significantly lower than that in irrigation and furrow irrigation. In the 0 ~ 20 cm soil layer, the content of total salt was in the form of exponential distribution, that is, the content of the surface was the highest and decreased with the increase of soil depth. However, the soil pH increased linearly with the increase of soil depth. In addition, the soluble salt in the soil is dominated by NO-3 and the cation is mainly Ca2 +. This shows that choosing a reasonable irrigation method is an effective way to prevent soil degradation and improve crop yield and quality in protected areas.