人类自过上群体生活并开始与外部世 界打交道,就面临一个问题:这个世界不 同群体之间的关系,应当怎样安排?对 此,中国古人的设想是“天下”体系。 天下观念大约形成于周代。周天子分 封同姓与异姓诸侯,构成了一个统一的政 治体系。在这个体系内部,基本上是以宗 法来处理相互之间的关系,所谓的“礼”就 是彼此互相打交道的规则体系。 在这个相对紧密、文化上同质的政治 Since mankind has lived a mass life and started to deal with the outside world, it is facing the question of how the relations among different groups in this world should be arranged. In this regard, the vision of the Chinese ancients was the “world” system. About the concept of world formed in the Zhou Dynasty. The son of the same surname and surname surnamed Zhou, constitute a unified political system. Within this system, the relationship between the two parties is basically dealt with in the patriarchal clan system. The so-called “courtesy” is a system of rules that deal with each other. In this relatively close, culturally homogeneous politics