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目的研究胸腺素β_4(Tβ_4)调节血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和层粘连蛋白5(LN-5)的表达,探讨其促进糖尿病大鼠皮肤损伤愈合的机制。方法 60只雄性SD大鼠建立糖尿病大鼠全层皮肤损伤模型(D=8mm),随机分为糖尿病对照(DM)组和Tβ_4治疗组[又分为低(L-Tβ_4)、中(M-Tβ_4)、高(H-Tβ_4)3个剂量组]。计算皮肤愈合率和表皮迁移率。一侧伤口进行HE染色,弹力纤维、胶原纤维、网状纤维三联染色和VEGF、LN-5免疫组化染色;另一侧伤口进行LN-5 ELISA测定。结果 M-Tβ_4和H-Tβ_4组各时间点伤口愈合率均较DM组高(P<0.05或P<0.01);损伤后10d M-Tβ_4和H-Tβ_4组的表皮迁移率高于DM组(P<0.01)。Tβ_4治疗组肉芽组织中VEGF表达较多、阳性血管较丰富,LN 5在表皮基底细胞和基底膜早期表达;损伤后2d和10d Tβ_4治疗组LN-5含量较高,损伤后4d较低。结论 Tβ_4可促进糖尿病大鼠皮肤损伤愈合,其机制可能与调节VEGF和LN-5表达有关。
Objective To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and laminin 5 (LN-5) regulated by thymosin β 4 (Tβ 4) in rats and its mechanism of promoting skin wound healing in diabetic rats. Methods Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: diabetic control (DM) group and Tβ_4 treatment group (divided into low T-4 and middle M- Tβ_4), high (H-Tβ_4) 3 dose groups]. Calculate the rate of skin healing and epidermal mobility. One side of the wounds were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, elastic fibers, collagen fibers, reticular fibers triple staining and VEGF, LN-5 immunohistochemical staining; the other side of the wound LN-5 ELISA assay. Results The wound healing rates of M-Tβ_4 and H-Tβ_4 groups were significantly higher than those of DM group (P <0.05 or P <0.01), and those of M-Tβ_4 and H-Tβ_4 groups were higher than those of DM group P <0.01). The expression of VEGF in granulation tissue of Tβ_4 treated group was higher than that of normal group. LN 5 was expressed early in basal cells and basal layer of epidermis. LN-5 content of Tβ_4 treated group was higher at 2 d and 10 d after injury, and lower at 4 d after injury. Conclusion Tβ 4 can promote the healing of skin wounds in diabetic rats, which may be related to the regulation of VEGF and LN-5 expression.