免气腹腹膜后腹腔镜活体供肾切取术将泌尿外科的腹腔镜技术应用于肾移植领域,既拥有传统腹膜后腹腔镜技术的微创、直达肾门、容易操作等优势,又避免了气腹对肾血流灌注的损伤,极好的保存了移植肾的功能,对于缓解终末期肾病患者的供肾短缺问题有无可比拟的优势。本文概述了免气腹腹膜后腹腔镜活体供肾切取术的背景、特点、分类,并对其在临床中的应用提供了现实的理论依据。 Gas-free retroperitoneal laparoscopic biopsy of kidney surgery urology laparoscopic technology used in the field of kidney transplantation, both with traditional retroperitoneal laparoscopic minimally invasive, direct access to the renal door, easy to operate and other advantages, but also to avoid the gas Abdominal renal blood flow perfusion damage, excellent preservation of the function of the kidney graft, for the treatment of patients with end-stage renal disease to alleviate the shortage of kidney has unparalleled advantages. This article summarizes the background, characteristics and classification of airless peritoneal laparoscopic in vivo laparoscopic nephrectomy, and provides a realistic theoretical basis for its clinical application.