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目的掌握碘盐标准下调后上海市松江区居民碘营养状况,为今后科学补碘提供依据。方法在上海市松江区按分层随机抽样的方法抽取8~10岁儿童450名,男女各半;抽取孕妇200名,孕早、中、晚期各1/3,采集所有调查对象的日间随机一次尿液10 m L及其家中食用盐30 g,定量测定尿碘及盐碘含量。采用触诊法检查抽中的250名儿童甲状腺肿大情况。结果全面食用盐碘浓度下调后,上海市松江区8~10岁儿童甲状腺肿大率为3.20%,82.66%的儿童碘营养处于适宜状态(100~299μg/L),12.67%的儿童尿碘浓度大于300μg/L;尿碘及盐碘中位数分别为200.05μg/L和24.85 mg/L,不同性别、年龄组间尿碘水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。孕妇尿碘及盐碘中位数分别为165.90μg/L和25.40 mg/L。60.00%的孕妇碘营养处于适宜状态(150~499μg/L),碘缺乏的比例远超过碘过量的比例,在不同地域碘缺乏比例显著高于碘过量比例(P<0.05)。结论上海市松江区一般人群碘营养水平稍高于适宜范围,孕妇碘营养水平处于适宜范围的下限,孕妇存在碘营养缺乏的风险,需在专业人员的指导下适当补充含碘食品,保证其碘营养水平。
Objective To master the iodine nutrition status of residents in Songjiang District of Shanghai after the iodized salt standard is lowered, so as to provide scientific basis for iodine supplementation in the future. Methods A total of 450 children aged 8 to 10 years were randomly divided into three groups according to a stratified random sampling method in Songjiang District, Shanghai. 200 pregnant women and 1/3 of pregnant women were recruited in the early, middle and late pregnancy respectively. Urine 10 m L and its home salt 30 g, quantitative determination of urinary iodine and salt iodine content. Thyroid examination was used to check for goiter in 250 children. Results After the total consumption of salt iodine decreased, the goiter rate was 3.20% in children aged 8 ~ 10 in Songjiang district of Shanghai, while the iodine nutrition in children was 82.66% (100 ~ 299μg / L), the urinary iodine concentration in 12.67% The median of urinary iodine and salt iodine were 200.05μg / L and 24.85 mg / L, respectively. There was significant difference in urinary iodine level between different sexes and age groups (P <0.05). Pregnant women urinary iodine and salt iodine median were 165.90μg / L and 25.40 mg / L. 60.00% pregnant women iodine nutrition in the appropriate state (150 ~ 499μg / L), the proportion of iodine deficiency far exceeded the proportion of iodine excess iodine deficiency in different regions was significantly higher than the proportion of excess iodine (P <0.05). Conclusion The iodine nutrition level of general population in Songjiang District of Shanghai is slightly higher than the appropriate range. The iodine nutrition level of pregnant women is at the lower limit of suitable range. Pregnant women are at risk of lacking iodine nutrition. Appropriate iodine supplements should be supplemented under the guidance of professionals to ensure that iodine Nutritional level.