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改善农业生态环境一直是美国生态补偿主要关注的目标,美国联邦政府和地方政府制定和实施了农业保护、土地保护等多项生态保护政策。实践中,美国农业生态补偿制度主要通过项目制度的形式体现出来。本研究以公共财政的视角,通过对美国农业生态补偿项目的形成背景、设计思路、操作方法等简要介绍,从实践层面展现了美国农业生态补偿制度,总结了其设计理念和操作要点,并通过与中国农业生态补偿制度和实践的比较,提供了一些借鉴性的思考。
The improvement of agro-ecological environment has always been the main concern of ecological compensation in the United States. The federal and local governments in the United States have formulated and implemented a number of ecological protection policies such as agricultural protection and land protection. In practice, the compensation system of agricultural ecological system in the United States is mainly embodied in the form of project system. In this paper, from the perspective of public finance, through brief introduction to the formation background, design ideas and operation methods of agricultural ecological compensation projects in the United States, the paper shows the agricultural ecological compensation system of the United States from practice and summarizes the design concepts and operational points, Compared with the system and practice of agro-ecological compensation in China, it provides some reference for thinking.