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新生儿溶血性疾病是从新生儿黄疸中发现的一个具有一定病因的以黄疸、贫血为主要特征的独立疾病,包括母婴血型不合溶血病、红细胞酶缺陷、红细胞膜缺陷及感染等引起的溶血症.新生儿溶血症的发现经历了漫长的时间.1609年Louyse Bourgeois报告了1例双胎儿,女婴为死胎,男婴患严重黄疸,这是新生儿黄疸的首次报道.至1724年Juncker已能区别生理性和病理性黄疸.1764年Wrisberg在尸检中发现严重黄疸婴儿脑基底核部位也可发生黄染.1903年Schmosl提出核黄疸(Kernicterus)的名称,并详细叙述了其症状和病理改变.1931年Ferguson明确提出黄疸、贫血和核黄疸属同一疾病,并认为是由于溶血引起.1938年
Neonatal hemolytic disease is an independent disease characterized by jaundice and anemia, which is found in neonatal jaundice. It includes hemolysis caused by maternal-blood incompatible hemolytic disease, erythrocyte enzyme deficiency, erythrocyte membrane defect and infection The discovery of hemolytic disease in newborns has come a long way. In 1609, Louyse Bourgeois reported one fetus, the stillbirth of a baby girl, and severe infant jaundice, the first report of neonatal jaundice. By 1724 Juncker had Can distinguish between physiological and pathological jaundice .Wisberg was found in autopsy in 1764, severe jaundice infantile brain base may also occur yellow dye .In 1903 Schmosl put forward the name of kernicterus (Kernicterus), and described in detail the symptoms and pathological changes In 1931 Ferguson made it clear that jaundice, anemia and kernicterus belong to the same disease and are believed to be caused by hemolysis.