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鉴于能源短缺与高安全性要求,钢铁材料的低密度化与高强韧化成为高强钢的研发热点。大量报道证明,铝等元素合金化可以显著降低钢材密度,层状复合组织大幅度提高钢铁材料的韧性。在介绍国内外传统等轴晶粒高强韧钢、层状复合钢铁材料及低密度钢研发结果的基础上,提出了Fe-Al-Mn-C低密度双相钢的低中等合金质量分数(4%~12%)的合金化设计和高温铁素体和奥氏体的几何扁平化组织调控思路,制备出具有铁素体与马氏体相间排列的层片复合双相钢组织结构的高强韧钢研发思路。初步研究结果证明,层片双相钢的组织结构设计是可行的,实现了钢铁材料的高强度化(抗拉强度为1 000~1 500 MPa)、低密度化(6.5~7.5 g/cm3)和高韧性化(室温V型冲击韧性为200~400 J),突破了传统等轴结构材料的强韧化机制制约,形成了新型层状复合结构强韧化的钢铁材料研发方向。强调未来需要对层片双相钢材料进行深入研究,以实现对化学成分、层片组织结构参数与材料强度、韧性和材料密度关系的定量研究,深入探讨低密度层状双相钢的层状组织调控机制及其强韧化机理,为未来高强韧金属材料研发及应用开辟出创新发展方向。
In view of energy shortage and high safety requirements, the low density and high strength and toughness of steel materials become the research hotspot of high strength steel. A large number of reports show that the alloying of aluminum and other elements can significantly reduce the density of steel, layered composite structure greatly improve the toughness of steel materials. Based on the introduction of the research and development of the traditional equiaxed grain high strength and toughness steel, layered composite steel and low density steel at home and abroad, the low and medium alloy content (4) of Fe-Al-Mn-C low density dual phase steel % ~ 12%) alloying design and geometrical flattening regulation of high-temperature ferrite and austenite, the high strength and toughness of the composite duplex steel structure with ferrite and martensite phase arrangement was prepared Steel R & D ideas. The preliminary research results prove that the structure design of the multilayer dual-phase steel is feasible and the high-strength steel materials (tensile strength of 1000-1 500 MPa), low density (6.5-7.5 g / cm3) And high toughness (room temperature V-type impact toughness of 200-400 J), breaking through the traditional isostructural material toughening mechanism constraints, forming a new layered composite structure of the toughening steel material research and development direction. It is emphasized that in the future, the in-depth study of the dual-phase steel material needs to be conducted in order to quantitatively study the relationship between the chemical composition, the structural parameters of the ply and the strength, toughness and material density of the material, Organization and control mechanism and its toughening mechanism for the future development of high strength and toughness of the metal materials and application of the development of innovative development.