采用光镜和电镜技术观察了大容量生理盐水全肺灌洗对犬肺形态学的影响。肺灌洗后，肺泡毛细血管扩张、充血，间质和肺泡内水肿，局灶性肺不张，肺泡上皮Ⅰ型细胞水肿，部分从基底膜脱落，基底膜裸露或断裂。Ⅱ型细胞板层体结构破坏，肺泡毛细血管内皮细胞损伤。实验表明，大容量全肺灌洗可立即观察到肺的形态学具有一定程度的损伤，应引起临床注意。 The morphological changes of canine lung were observed by light and electron microscopy. Pulmonary lavage, alveolar capillaries dilate, hyperemia, interstitial and alveolar edema, focal atelectasis, alveolar epithelial type I cell edema, some fall off from the basement membrane, the basement membrane bare or broken. Type II cell lamellar body structure destruction, alveolar capillary endothelial cell injury. Experiments show that large-capacity whole lung lavage can be observed immediately lung morphology has a certain degree of damage, should cause clinical attention.