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结核病耐药问题十分严重，传统的药敏实验需1～2月。Sm是一线抗结核药物，结核分支杆菌耐Sm最常见的分子机制是由于核糖体S12蛋白编码基因（rpsL）突变。该文应用PCR－SSCP分析了62个结核分支杆菌临床分离株的rpsL基因，以H37Rv标准菌株为对照，13个药物敏感菌株中12个rpsL基因未见SSCP异常；37个耐Sm株中，31个（83．8％）有rpsL基因泳动异常；12个耐其它抗结核药物林中，仅1个单链DNA泳动异常。因此，PCR－SSCP有希望成为简便、快速地检测结核分支杆菌耐药突变株的方法，弥补常规药敏试验的不足，指导临床治疗。
The problem of drug resistance in tuberculosis is very serious. The traditional drug susceptibility test needs 1 ~ 2 months. Sm is a first-line anti-TB drug and the most common molecular mechanism of M. tuberculosis resistance to Sm is due to mutations in the ribosomal S12 protein-encoding gene (rpsL). In this paper, PCR-SSCP analysis of 62 clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis rpsL gene to H37Rv standard strain as a control, 13 drug-sensitive strains of 12 rpsL gene no SSCP abnormalities; 37 resistant to Sm strains, 31 One (83.8%) had abnormal rpsL gene motility, and only one single-stranded DNA was abnormal in 12 resistant to other anti-tuberculosis drugs. Therefore, PCR-SSCP hopefully becomes a simple and rapid method for detecting drug-resistant mutant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to make up for the lack of routine drug susceptibility tests and guide clinical treatment.