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为研究山地苹果园大型土壤动物的功能类群及其生态特征,并用以指导苹果园病虫调控,于2011年9月(秋)、11月(冬),2012年3月(春)、6月(夏),对延安柳林镇山地苹果园中大型土壤动物的功能类群及其生态特征进行初步的调查研究。实验主要以大型土壤动物为研究对象,采取了野外调查取样、定点动态观测和室内鉴定分类的研究方法。实验共获得大型土壤动物289只,隶属3门5纲11目,其中鞘翅目幼虫4科、鞘翅目成虫5科。延安柳林镇山地苹果园大型土壤动物可分为植食性、捕食性、腐食性和杂食性4个功能类群。研究表明,在各功能类群中,植食性所占比例最大,其次是捕食性,腐食性所占比例最小;大型土壤动物功能类群在组成方面都具有相对稳定性。
In order to study the functional groups of macrofauna and their ecological characteristics in apple orchards in mountainous areas and to guide the control of pests in apple orchards, we conducted a survey in September, autumn, November, winter, March, spring, June, (Summer), a preliminary investigation was made on the functional groups and their ecological characteristics of macro-and macro-fauna in mountain apple orchard in Yanlin Prefecture. The experiment mainly took the soil macrophytes as the research object, and took the field investigation sampling, the fixed point dynamic observation and the indoor appraisal classification research method. A total of 289 large soil animals were obtained, belonging to 3 classes, 5 classes and 11 orders, of which 4 were Coleoptera larvae and 5 were Coleoptera adults. Large-scale soil fauna in apple orchard of Yanlin Liulin town can be divided into four functional groups: herbivorous, predatory, carnivorous and omnivorous. Studies have shown that in each functional group, herbivores accounted for the largest proportion, followed by predation, the proportion of the smallest proportion of the total; soil macrofauna functional groups are relatively stable in terms of composition.