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淋巴细胞与免疫淋巴细胞来源于干细胞,在骨髓中的小淋巴细胞并无免疫活性。有免疫活性的淋巴细胞分为两类。骨髓中的小淋巴细胞经胸腺分化、诱导后,通过胸导管而至血循环,称为胸腺依赖性淋巴细胞,简称T淋巴细胞(或T细胞),具有细胞免疫作用。另一类具有体液免疫作用的淋巴细胞,起源于鸟类的腔上囊,在哺乳动物则来自骨髓,称为骨髓依赖性淋巴细胞,简称B淋巴细胞(或B细胞)。T细胞和B细胞在淋巴组织中的分布不同,前者主要分布在淋巴结皮质深层、淋巴小结间的弥散淋巴组织和脾小动脉周围的淋巴鞘中,以及迴肠集合淋巴结的深层周围,后者
Lymphocytes and immune lymphocytes are derived from stem cells, and small lymphocytes in the bone marrow have no immunological activity. Immunocompetent lymphocytes fall into two categories. The small lymphocytes in the bone marrow are differentiated and induced by the thymus and pass through the thoracic duct to the blood circulation. These cells are called thymus-dependent lymphocytes, or T lymphocytes (or T cells) for short, and have cellular immunity. Another type of lymphocyte with humoral immunity originates from the bursa of the bird, and in mammals it originates from the bone marrow and is called bone marrow-dependent lymphocytes, abbreviated as B lymphocytes (or B cells). The distribution of T cells and B cells is different in lymphoid tissues. The former is mainly distributed in the deep cortex of lymph nodes, diffuse lymphoid tissues between lymph nodes and lymphatic sheaths around the small arteries of the spleen, and deep around the ileal collecting lymph nodes.