四、历史比较法和韩、满同源词 19世纪产生并发展较成熟的历史比较法主要是用来确定亲属语言的,而评定两种语言是否有发生学关系,即是否属于亲属语言,主要是看被比较的两种语言是否存在“同源成分基本词有系统有规律的语音对应关系”。紧挨着朝鲜半岛的汉藏语系诸语言,其语序、声调、基本词、语法手段等和韩国语都不一样,虽然韩国语和上、中古汉语有了相当数量的相同词,但都能找到汉语借入的历史渠道,韩国语自然不属于汉藏语系。那么紧挨着朝鲜半岛的另一个语系——阿尔泰语系诸语言,和韩国语究竟有着什么样的关系呢?前文已述,有些西方学者称韩国语为“语系不明”,韩、中、日的学者最近称韩国语基本上属于阿尔泰语系,但没提供出充足的证据。 Fourth, the history of comparative law and South Korea, full of homologous nineteenth Century generation and development of more mature history Comparative law is mainly used to determine the relatives of language, and assess whether the two languages ​​have an academic relationship, that is, belong to the relative language, the main It is to see whether there is a systematic and regular phonetic correspondence between the basic words of homologous components in the two languages ​​being compared. The Chinese and Tibetan languages ​​of the Korean peninsula are different from Korean in terms of word order, tone, basic words and grammatical means. Although there are a large number of similar words in Korean and Middle and Middle Chinese, To find the historical channels borrowed by Chinese, Korean does not belong to the Sino-Tibetan language. So what is the relationship between the Altai language and the other language family of the Korean Peninsula? As mentioned above, some Western scholars call the Korean language “unknown language system” and the Korean, Chinese, Japanese Scholars recently claimed that Korean basically belongs to the Altai language family, but did not provide sufficient evidence.