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己二酸是六碳二元羧酸,主要用于生产尼龙、化纤和工程塑料等聚合物,年需求量近300万t。目前己二酸的工业生产主要是利用硝酸氧化芳烃合成己二酸等化学法获得,不仅污染严重,而且是个不可持续的过程,需要发展可行的替代合成方法。近年来,随着合成生物学和代谢工程的发展,绿色、洁净的己二酸生物合成方法逐渐受到人们的关注和重视。文中就己二酸及其前体物的生物合成研究进展进行了综述,并对可能的合成新途径做了展望。
Adipic acid is a six-carbon dicarboxylic acid, mainly used in the production of polymers such as nylon, chemical fiber and engineering plastics, the annual demand of nearly 3 million t. At present, the industrial production of adipic acid is mainly obtained by chemical methods such as the oxidation of aromatic nitric acid to adipic acid by nitric acid, which is not only polluted but also an unsustainable process, and a viable alternative synthesis method needs to be developed. In recent years, with the development of synthetic biology and metabolic engineering, the green and clean adipic acid biosynthesis method has drawn more and more attention. The progress of the biosynthesis of adipic acid and its precursors is reviewed in this paper, and the possible ways of synthesis are prospected.