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目的通过对重庆市公共卫生医疗救治中心首诊艾滋病(acquired i mmunodeficiency syn-drome,AIDS)患者的病例档案资料进行整理分析,探讨重庆市AIDS患者的流行病学及临床特征,为临床治疗和疾病控制的深入研究提供科学依据。方法检索重庆市公共卫生医疗救治中心(重庆市唯一一家收治AIDS的定点医院)1995年12月~2008年12月AIDS患者的病例档案,对AIDS首诊住院患者的病例档案进行归类整理,采用统计学方法对病例的年龄、性别、职业、传播途径和临床症状等分布特征进行描述。结果从1995年12月至2008年12月,重庆市公共卫生医疗救治中心首诊AIDS确诊患者共228例,其中1995年为1例,2008年为91例;病例以重庆市区及邻近的区县为主(占78.51%);男女比例为2.30∶1;30~50岁占72.81%,年龄最小为7个月,最大为92岁;异性性接触为主要传播途径(70.18%),其次为静脉吸毒(12.72%);临床以机会感染症状为主要表现,其中结核分枝杆菌感染占60.53%(138/228),合并肺部细菌感染(包括葡萄球菌、链球菌、肺炎球菌等),占57.89%(132/228);口腔白色念珠菌病,占46.93%(107/228);临床检验中CD4淋巴细胞计数<50个/μl140例、50~200个/μl70例、>200个/μl18例。结论重庆地区艾滋病疫情呈加速上升趋势,应当加大市区及邻近区县青壮年人群的AIDS控制力度,重视异性性传播的干预;患者第一次入院多因机会性感染就诊,临床医生必须提高对AIDS的警觉性。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological and clinical features of AIDS patients in Chongqing by analyzing and summarizing the case files of patients with acquired AIDS in Chongqing Public Health Medical Center for treatment and disease Control in-depth research to provide a scientific basis. Methods The case files of AIDS patients from December 1995 to December 2008 in Chongqing Public Health Medical Center (the only designated hospital for treating AIDS in Chongqing) were searched, and the case files of the first inpatients with AIDS were collected and classified. Statistical methods to describe the age, gender, occupation, route of transmission and clinical symptoms were described. Results From December 1995 to December 2008, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center first identified 228 AIDS patients, of which 1 was in 1995 and 91 in 2008. The cases were located in the urban area of Chongqing and its adjacent areas (78.51%); male to female ratio was 2.30:1; 72.81% was from 30 to 50 years old, the youngest was 7 months and the maximum was 92 years; heterosexual contact was the main route of transmission (70.18%), followed by Intravenous drug use (12.72%); clinical symptoms of opportunistic infections as the main performance, of which Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection accounted for 60.53% (138/228), combined with pulmonary bacterial infections (including staphylococcus, Streptococcus, pneumococcus, etc.) 57.89% (132/228); oral Candida albicans, accounting for 46.93% (107/228); clinical test CD4 lymphocyte count <50/140, 50 to 200 / example. Conclusions The epidemic situation of AIDS in Chongqing is accelerating upward. AIDS control among the young and middle-aged population in the urban area and its neighboring counties should be strengthened, and the heterosexual transmission should be emphasized. For the first admission to hospital, the clinicians should be more likely to seek treatment because of opportunistic infections Awareness of AIDS.