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BACKGROUND:?Continuous?lamivudine?therapy?is?associated?with?high?rates?of?YMDD?mutations,?which?are?the?main?causes?of?drug?resistance.?The?current?study?explores?the?association?of? the? emergence? of? YMDD? mutations? with? pretherapy? HBV?genotype,?HBV-DNA?levels,?HBeAg?status,?and?serum?alanine?aminotransferase? (ALT)? levels? in? Chinese? patients? receiving?lamivudine?therapy?for?chronic?hepatitis?B. METHODS:?A? total? of? 319? chronic? hepatitis? B? patients? who?received?lamivudine?therapy?for?more?than?a?year?were?enrolled?in? this? study.? YMDD? mutations,? HBV? genotype,? ? HBV-DNA?levels,?HBeAg?status,?and?ALT?levels?were?determined?prior?to?their?lamivudine?treatment?and?every?three?months?for?a?year?of?this?therapy. RESULTS:?Among?the?319?patients,?137?(42.95%)?were?infected?with?genotype?B?and?182?(57.05%)?with?genotype?C.?Up?to?94?patients?(29.47%)?developed?YMDD?mutations?within?one?year?of? lamivudine? therapy.? Furthermore,? 50? patients? with? HBV?genotype?B?and?44?patients?with?genotype?C?developed?YMDD?mutations? (36.50%? vs? 24.18%,? P