近年来,草原由于遭受不合理利用而严重退化、沙化,风蚀愈加严重。采用集沙仪和移动式风洞模拟相结合的方法,对位于阴山北麓中部的希拉穆仁草原风蚀特征进行了连续6a的观测研究。结果表明:(1)植被是控制风蚀的决定性因素,并且植被高度对风蚀的抑制作用强于植被盖度。(2)研究区风蚀模数在围封初期很高,达到1 313.7t/(km2·a),随着植被的改善,草原风蚀逐年下降。(3)风蚀物以细沙粒为主,含量占60%以上。该地区每风蚀1 000kg土壤,同时就损失15kg有机质,227g速效氮,262g速效磷和120g速效钾,肥力损失量惊人。保护基本草原,恢复退化草地,是防治草地风蚀的最根本途径。 In recent years, due to the unreasonable use of grasslands suffered serious degradation, desertification, wind erosion more serious. Using the combination of sand table and mobile wind tunnel simulation, the wind erosion characteristics of Xilamuren grassland in the middle of the northern foot of Yinshan Mountain have been continuously observed and studied. The results show that: (1) Vegetation is the decisive factor to control wind erosion, and the vegetation height has stronger inhibition to wind erosion than vegetation cover. (2) The wind erosion modulus in the study area was very high at the initial stage of enclosure, reaching 1 313.7t / (km2 · a). With the improvement of vegetation, the wind erosion of grassland decreased year by year. (3) Wind erosion material is mainly composed of fine sand grains, accounting for more than 60%. Every wind erosion in the area of ​​1 000 kg of soil at the same time on the loss of 15 kg of organic matter, 227 g of available nitrogen, 262 g of available phosphorus and 120 g of available potassium, fat loss amazing. To protect the basic grassland and restore the degraded grassland is the most fundamental way to prevent wind erosion in the grassland.