目的分析仙桃市1950-2009年甲、乙类传染病流行趋势,为制定新时期传染病防控对策提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对仙桃市6个历史年代传染病报告发病率进行比较分析。结果仙桃市甲、乙类传染病报告发病率50年代较低,60年代急剧上升至70年代达到顶峰,80年代后迅速下降,近10年已降至建国以来最低。60年来除肠道传染病外传染病类型发生了明显变化,80年代前自然疫源及虫媒传染病为主要病种,占报告传染病总数的60.5%,而近20年仅为4.6%;呼吸道传染病80、90年代曾明显减少,但因肺结核1997年纳入乙类报告且逐年增多,近10年已占传染病总数的33.0%;血源及性传染病自1990年报告以来逐年增多,近10年已占传染病总数的44.6%。结论仙桃市80年代后甲、乙类传染病报告发病率总体呈大幅下降趋势,传染病病谱发生明显变化。当前肺结核、乙肝、淋病、梅毒、艾滋病还有甲型H1N1流感和手足口病等新发传染病呈上升态势,应积极采取相应防控措施。 Objective To analyze the epidemiological trend of infectious diseases of Class A and Group B in Xiantao City from 1950 to 2009, and provide evidence for the prevention and control measures of infectious diseases in the new period. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence of infectious diseases reported in six historical years in Xiantao City. Results The incidence of cases A and B infectious diseases in Xiantao was relatively low in the 1950s. The incidence in Xiantao peaked in the 1960s and peaked in the 1970s. However, it dropped rapidly after the 1980s and dropped to the lowest level since the founding of the People’s Republic in the past 10 years. In the past 60 years, there were significant changes in the types of infectious diseases except gut infections. Natural foci and zoonotic diseases predominated before the 1980s accounted for 60.5% of the total reported communicable diseases, compared with only 4.6% in the past 20 years. Respiratory However, infectious diseases were significantly reduced in the 1980s and 1990s. However, as tuberculosis was included in Category B reports in 1997 and has been increasing year by year, 33.0% of the total number of infectious diseases has been accounted for in the past 10 years. Blood and sexually transmitted diseases have been increasing year by year since the 1990 report. 10 years has accounted for 44.6% of the total number of infectious diseases. Conclusion The incidence rates of post-A and B infectious diseases in Xiantao City in the 1980s showed a general downward trend, with significant changes in the spectrum of infectious diseases. At present, new infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, hepatitis B, gonorrhea, syphilis, AIDS and Influenza A (H1N1) and hand, foot and mouth disease are on the rise. Corresponding prevention and control measures should be taken.