论文部分内容阅读
目的分析2010年海淀区手足口病重症病例的流行病学特征,探索海淀区手足口病重症患儿发病危险因素,以最大限度地减少重症病例的发生,为控制手足口病提供科学依据。方法对海淀区2010年报告的53例手足口病重症病例进行个案调查,收集信息并建立数据库,应用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2010年海淀区累计报告手足口病6 280例,发病率为230.63/10万。其中重症病例53例,重症发生率为0.84%;死亡1例,病死率为0.02%。高发地区为流动人口较聚密的农村和城乡结合部;5-8月为报告重症发病高峰;重症病例年龄分布以小年龄组为主,5岁以下儿童报告发病42例,占总重症病例数的79.25%。77.36%的患儿在发病当天或第2天就诊,77.36%的患儿在发病的第3～5天发展为重症病例。临床以发热和多发性皮疹为主,同时伴有神经系统症状。EV71阳性者占41.18%。结论海淀区手足口病重症病例的发生有明显的年龄、季节和地区差异,对来自重点地区5岁以下年龄组手足口病患者应提高警惕,及早救治。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD cases in Haidian District in 2010 and explore the risk factors of HFMD in Haidian District in order to minimize the occurrence of severe cases and provide a scientific basis for the control of HFMD. Methods 53 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease reported by Haidian District in 2010 were investigated on a case-by-case basis. Information was collected and a database was constructed. The epidemiological method was used to analyze the data. Results A total of 6 280 hand-foot-mouth disease cases were reported in Haidian District in 2010, with a prevalence of 230.63 / 100,000. Including 53 cases of severe cases, the incidence of severe disease was 0.84%; 1 died, the case fatality rate was 0.02%. The areas with high incidence were the densely populated rural areas and the urban-rural areas with floating population; the peak incidence of severe diseases was reported from May to August; the age distribution of severe cases was mainly in the younger age group; 42 cases of children under 5 years old were reported, accounting for the total number of severe cases Of 79.25%. 77.36% of the children were on the day of onset or on the second day, 77.36% of the children developed severe cases on the 3rd to 5th days of onset. Clinical fever and multiple rashes, accompanied by neurological symptoms. EV71 positive accounted for 41.18%. Conclusion The incidence of HFMD in Haidian has obvious age, season and regional differences. It should be vigilant to patients with HFMD in the age group of less than 5 years old in key areas and to be treated as soon as possible.