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膝关节是人体全身最大的关节,其结构也最复杂。运动时膝关节为适应动作的需要,承受的外力复杂且多样。一但因受力使其运动幅度超出解剖学活动范围,即可造成关节损伤。因此了解和熟悉膝关节的结构特点及运动规律很有必要,可以促进运动技能的提高,减少运动损伤。 一、膝关节的解剖学结构 膝关节是由股骨下端、胫骨上端和髌骨组成。腓骨未参与膝关节的构成。由于重力作用,股骨和胫骨的内外侧髁特别宽大,关节囊薄而松弛。在膝关节的前方,有股四头肌
Knee joint is the body’s largest joint, the structure is also the most complex. Knee movement during exercise to meet the needs of the external force to withstand complex and diverse. However, due to stress so that the range of motion beyond the scope of anatomical activities, can cause joint damage. Therefore, it is necessary to understand and be familiar with the structural features and movement rules of the knee joint, which can promote the improvement of motor skills and reduce the sports injuries. First, the anatomy of the knee structure The knee is composed of the lower femur, tibia and patella. Fibula does not participate in the formation of the knee. Due to gravity, the medial and lateral condyles of the femur and tibia are particularly large and the articular capsule is thin and loose. In front of the knee, there are quadriceps