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目的探讨影响老年高血压患者的危险因素以及干预的对策。方法共纳入85例老年高血压患者,同时从门诊随机抽取140例无高血压病史的老年人群作为对照组。详细记录所以受试者的基本信息、高血压患病情况及相关影响因素。应用非条件Logistic回归分析进行多因素分析。结果单因素分析结果表明:两组间男性、冠心病病史、糖尿病史、吸烟史、入院首次SBP、家族高血压病史、饮酒史、LDL-C及HDL-C比较差异有统计学意义;其中冠心病病史、糖尿病史、吸烟史、入院首次SBP、家族高血压病史、饮酒史、LDL与老年高血压发生呈正相关;HDL-C与老年高血压的发生呈负相关(P﹤0.05)。进一步行多因素分析结果表明:糖尿病史、吸烟史、高血压家族史是老年高血压病患者发生的独立危险因素;而HDL-C是老年高血压病患者发生的保护因素。结论糖尿病史、吸烟史、高血压家族史是老年高血压病患者发生的独立危险因素;而HDL-C是老年高血压病患者发生的保护因素,应该大力提倡全民健身,同时戒烟限酒,对有上述危险因素的老年人群进行必要的干预,可明显降低高血压的发生率。
Objective To explore the risk factors affecting elderly hypertensive patients and the intervention measures. Methods Eighty-five elderly patients with hypertension were enrolled. At the same time, 140 elderly people without a history of hypertension were randomly selected from the outpatient department as the control group. Detailed records of subjects so basic information, prevalence of hypertension and related factors. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis. Results The results of univariate analysis showed that there was significant difference between the two groups in the history of coronary heart disease, history of coronary heart disease, history of diabetes, smoking history, history of admission SBP, family history of hypertension, alcohol drinking history, LDL-C and HDL-C. Cardiac disease history, history of diabetes, smoking history, first-admission SBP, history of family history of hypertension, alcohol drinking history, LDL were positively correlated with the occurrence of hypertension in elderly. HDL-C was negatively correlated with the occurrence of hypertension in elderly (P <0.05). Further line multivariate analysis showed that: diabetes history, smoking history, family history of hypertension is an independent risk factor for elderly patients with hypertension; and HDL-C is a protective factor in elderly patients with hypertension. Conclusion The history of diabetes mellitus, smoking history and family history of hypertension are independent risk factors in elderly patients with hypertension. HDL-C is a protective factor in elderly patients with hypertension. The elderly with these risk factors for the necessary intervention can significantly reduce the incidence of hypertension.