一、引论中国近现代历史是一部由传统迈向现代的社会转型史,这一进程迄今也远未结束。这是一个社会大变革的时代,所谓社会变革,是指通过结构的部分性或全面性的改良和重新组合来解决社会危机,进而按照一定的理想来形成新秩序这样一种有目的的社会变动过程。〔1〕激烈的社会革命可以摧毁旧的社会体制,但只有法律才能促使新的社会图景得以巩固和维系,社会变革欲求建立的新秩序,最终也要通过法律秩序的建构和维护来实 I. INTRODUCTION China’s modern history is a history of social transformation from traditional tradition to modern age. So far this process is far from over. This is an era of great social change. The so-called social change refers to a purposeful social change that resolves social crises through the partial or complete restructuring and reorganization of structures so as to form a new order according to certain ideals process. (1) In the fierce social revolution, the old social system can be destroyed, but only the law can promote the consolidation and maintenance of the new social picture. The new order that the social transformation desires to establish must eventually be realized through the construction and maintenance of the legal order