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目的了解兰州铁路局机车乘务员视力和听力功能状况,分析不同特征的机车乘务员各项视力和听力指标的水平,探讨影响机车乘务员视力和听力的可能影响因素。方法采用整群抽样的方法选取兰州铁路局某机务段机车乘务员953人(均为男性)作为调查对象;通过职业健康检查获得机车乘务员视力和听力功能状况;用Excel、SPSS 13.0软件对数据进行整理及统计分析。结果乘务员裸眼视力异常率较高(左、右裸眼视力分别为7.7%、6.8%)。随着年龄的增长,乘务员的裸眼视力、立体视力、听力等方面的能力在降低;本职工龄的增加,立体视力和听力的分辨能力有所下降;文化程度越高,乘务员的立体视力和听力方面的职业能力越好;电力车乘务员立体视力和听力指标优于内燃车乘务员;无饮酒史者的立体视力、听力的职业能力相对较好。不同年龄、文化程度、工龄、工种、饮酒史的机车乘务员视力和听力功能水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论兰州铁路局机车乘务员的视力和听力指标整体状况较好;但裸眼视力异常率值得关注。
Objective To understand the visual acuity and hearing function of locomotive flight attendants in Lanzhou Railway Bureau and analyze the different visual acuity and audiological indicators of locomotive attendants with different characteristics so as to discuss the possible influencing factors of visual acuity and hearing of locomotive attendants. Methods A total of 953 locomotive flight attendants in Lanzhou Railway Administration Bureau were enrolled in this study. All of them were males. The occupational health examination was used to get the visual acuity and hearing function of locomotive flight attendants. The data were sorted by Excel and SPSS 13.0 software And statistical analysis. Results flight attendant uncorrected visual acuity was high (left and right uncorrected visual acuity were 7.7%, 6.8%). With the growth of age, attendants of uncorrected visual acuity, stereopsis, hearing and other aspects of the ability to reduce the increase in working age, stereopsis and hearing ability of the resolution decreased; the higher the level of education, attendants stereo vision and hearing The better the vocational ability; the stereo vision and audiometric indicators of the electric car steward are better than those of the flight attendant; the stereoscopic vision and the professional ability of hearing without drinking history are relatively good. The difference of visual acuity and hearing function of motorcycle attendants with different age, educational level, working age, type of work and drinking history was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Lanzhou Railway Bureau locomotive crew visual acuity and hearing indicators overall better condition; but the uncorrected visual acuity rate deserves attention.