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目的探讨低钠血症发生的病因、诱因及血清钠浓度、年龄、预后的相关性。方法收集258例低钠血症患者的临床资料包括年龄、病因、血清钠浓度、治疗及转归,进行回顾性分析。结果 60岁以上患者86.43%,60岁以下13.57%,不同程度低钠组平均年龄对比差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05);死亡9.30%,轻度低钠组与中重度低钠组死亡率对比差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.6999,P=0.0302,P﹤0.05);低钠血症的原发疾病以心脏病并心衰比例最大(25.58%)。结论低钠血症老年患者多见,心脏病并心衰合并低钠血症最常见,低钠血症程度与预后有相关。积极治疗原发病,消除诱发因素,避免医源性因素,及早发现、及时治疗是改善预后的关键。
Objective To investigate the etiology and causes of hyponatremia and its correlation with serum sodium concentration, age and prognosis. Methods Clinical data of 258 patients with hyponatremia were collected, including age, etiology, serum sodium concentration, treatment and prognosis, and retrospective analysis. Results There was no significant difference in the average age between low-sodium group and low-sodium group (86.43%, 13.57%, 60.9%, respectively) (P> 0.05), the death rate was 9.30% The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2 = 4.6999, P = 0.0302, P <0.05). The most common cause of hyponatremia was heart disease and heart failure (25.58%). Conclusion Hyponatremia is more common in elderly patients. Cardiac and heart failure with hyponatremia is the most common. The degree of hyponatremia is correlated with prognosis. Active treatment of the primary disease, eliminate predisposing factors, to avoid iatrogenic factors, early detection and timely treatment is the key to improving prognosis.