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一、发展需要与现实需求随着科学技术的发展和知识经济时代的到来,无论是发达国家还是发展中国家都面临着—个科技文化高度发达的外部世界,工商业技术和其他应用技术已达到较高水平,很多职业岗位要求劳动者的受教育程度必须达到一定的水平才能胜任。以美国为例,从1950年到2000年的50年中,高级专业技术人员保持20%的比例不变,只是对他们的要求越来越高,而对需要一定技术、技能的职业岗位,则从原来的20%提高到65%,对不需要多少技术的一般劳动力,从原来的60%下降到15%。
I. Development Needs and Real Needs With the advent of science and technology and the advent of a knowledge-based economy, both developed and developing countries are faced with a highly developed external world of science and technology. The commercial and industrial technologies and other applied technologies have reached a relatively high level High level, many occupations require workers must have a certain level of education to be competent. In the United States, for example, in the 50 years from 1950 to 2000, senior professional and technical personnel maintained the same rate of 20% but only increased their demand. For those occupations that need certain skills and skills, From 20% to 65%, the average workforce, which does not need much technology, has dropped from 60% to 15%.