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为研究碳纳米管填充聚合物复合材料的压力敏感特性,将硅橡胶为基体、多壁碳纳米管为填料的复合材料涂覆在印制板基底上,经溶剂挥发成膜,制备出柔顺式复合材料压敏元件。对碳纳米管质量分数1.6%、4.3%、9.3%的元件进行压阻特性测试,在单轴步进压力下实时检测压力和元件电阻。结果表明,压敏元件在0～110N单轴步进压力下表现出正压阻效应,特性曲线的变化区间与碳纳米管质量分数相互对应。提出压阻效应的机理是元件在压力作用下产生变形,导致碳纳米管导电网络发生破坏与重构。扫描电镜分析表明,碳纳米管随机取向分散于硅橡胶基体中,形成1-3型复合结构。该新型复合材料压敏元件可用于开发柔顺式力传感器。
In order to study the pressure-sensitive properties of carbon nanotube-filled polymer composites, a composite substrate with silicone rubber as the matrix and multi-walled carbon nanotubes as the filler was coated on the substrate of the printed board. After solvent evaporation, Composite pressure sensitive components. The piezoresistive properties of carbon nanotubes with mass fraction of 1.6%, 4.3% and 9.3% were tested and the pressure and element resistance were measured in real time under the uniaxial step pressure. The results show that the pressure-sensitive element exhibits a positive pressure-impeding effect at 0-110 N uniaxial step pressure, and the change range of the characteristic curve corresponds to the mass fraction of carbon nanotubes. The mechanism of the piezoresistive effect is that the element deforms under the pressure, resulting in the destruction and reconstruction of the conductive network of the carbon nanotube. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the carbon nanotubes randomly dispersed in the silicone rubber matrix to form a 1-3 type composite structure. The new composite pressure sensitive element can be used to develop compliant force sensors.