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目的探讨长角血蜱携带发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒(SFTSV)情况及其基因特征,分析长角血蜱在发热伴血小板减少综合征(SFTS)传播中的作用。方法在SFTS严重流行区河南省信阳市采集长角血蜱,采用实时RTPCR方法检测蜱中SFTSV核酸,阳性蜱进行SFTSV全基因组序列测定,并与当地病人血液中的SFTSV序列及GenBank中公布的SFTSV全基因组序列进行比较。结果共检测285只长角血蜱,SFTSV携带率为20.4%(58/285)。其中,游离蜱携带率31.9%(46/144),寄生蜱携带率8.5%(12/141),差异有统计学意义(χ2=24.136,P<0.01)。基于SFTSV的L、M和S片段构建的系统发育树,信阳地区长角血蜱的SFTSV序列与来自当地病人的SFTSV序列聚在同一分支,序列同源性分别为99.5%~99.7%,99.4%~99.5%和99.4%~99.5%。结论信阳地区SFTS高发病率与当地长角血蜱SFTSV高携带率有关,长角血蜱可能是SFTSV的传播媒介。
Objective To investigate the status and genetic characteristics of feverish thrombocytopenic syndrome virus (SFTSV) carrying Haemonchus contortus and its role in the transmission of fever and thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS). Methods The SFTSV nucleic acids and ticks of SFTSV were detected by real-time RTPCR in the SFTS epidemic area of Xinyang City, Henan Province. The whole genome sequence of SFTSV was determined and compared with the SFTSV sequence in blood of local patients and SFTSV published in GenBank Genome-wide sequence comparison. Results A total of 285 H. longicornis ticks were detected. The SFTSV carrier rate was 20.4% (58/285). Among them, the free tick carrying rate of 31.9% (46/144), parasitic tick carrying rate of 8.5% (12/141), the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 24.136, P <0.01). Based on the phylogenetic trees constructed by SFTSV L, M and S fragments, SFTSV sequences of X. longicornis were homologous to SFTSV sequences from local patients. The sequence homologies were 99.5% -99.7% and 99.4% ~ 99.5% and 99.4% ~ 99.5%. Conclusion The high incidence of SFTS in Xinyang area is related to the high carrying rate of SFTSV in Longyang County, China. P. longicornis may be the carrier of SFTSV.