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自明代中后期以降,由于海禁政策的松驰海外贸易日渐兴盛。与此同时,由于造船术改进和指南针的使用下,葡萄牙先后走上了海外殖民扩张的道路。自隆庆开禁后,明帝国也参与到这场海外贸易中,由澳门出发的多条航线引至日本,南抵菲律宾,西至果阿,再至里斯本,优质的丝织品与茶叶更将源源不断地白银吸入中国。但是这大量的白银为什么没有转化为原始的资本?中国为什么在近代化转型中举步维艰?本文试从晚明时期的海外贸易出发找出一些端倪。
Since the middle and late Ming Dynasty, the easing of overseas trade due to the ban on sea banning has been flourishing. At the same time, Portugal has embarked on the path of overseas colonial expansion thanks to the improvements in shipbuilding and the compass. Since the opening of the ban in Longqing, the Ming Empire also participated in this overseas trade. Many routes departing from Macao lead to Japan, to the Philippines in the south, Goa in the west and Lisbon. The quality of silk and tea will continue to flow continuously Silver inhalation China. However, why did a large amount of silver not be converted into original capital? Why is China struggling in the process of modernization? This article tries to find out some clues from overseas trade in the late Ming period.