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以Bi(NO3)3·5H2O和L-胱氨酸为反应原料,分别以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(N,N-dimethylformamide,DMF)、蒸馏水-乙二醇(体积比为2:1)和蒸馏水为溶剂,采用溶剂热法在160℃下反应120h,得到了不同形貌的硫化铋(Bi2S3)粉体。利用X射线衍射、能量色散谱、X射线光电能谱、场发射扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜分别对所合成的Bi2S3的晶型结构、组成和表面形貌等进行了表征。结果表明:所合成的产物为典型的Bi2S3正交结构,在DMF溶剂中得到的Bi2S3纳米棒长为4～11μm,直径为120nm。在蒸馏水-乙二醇和蒸馏水溶剂中得到的是片状的Bi2S3晶粒。讨论了不同溶剂对Bi2S3的形成及其形貌的影响,并根据实验结果对所合成的一维纳米棒可能的形成机理进行了探讨。
Bi (NO3) 3 · 5H2O and L-cystine were used as raw materials to react with N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), distilled water and ethylene glycol 1) and distilled water as solvent, the solvothermal method was used to react at 160 ℃ for 120h to obtain bismuth sub strate (Bi2S3) powder with different morphologies. The crystal structure, composition and surface morphology of Bi2S3 were characterized by X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the synthesized product is a typical Bi2S3 orthorhombic structure. The Bi2S3 nanorods obtained in DMF have a length of 4 ~ 11μm and a diameter of 120nm. Obtained in distilled water - ethylene glycol and distilled water are flaky Bi2S3 grains. The effects of different solvents on the formation and morphology of Bi2S3 were discussed. The possible formation mechanism of the synthesized one-dimensional nanorods was discussed based on the experimental results.