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镉(Cd)作为重要的环境污染物和生产性毒物,对人类健康构成严重威胁。1968年,由慢性Cd中毒引起的“痛痛病”被日本政府认定为公害病,使Cd污染和Cd中毒受到世界关注[1]。目前美国和欧盟已限制Cd生产和使用,而包括中国在内的某些亚洲国家,Cd污染形势仍然相当严峻[2]。其污染主要来源于铅锌(Zn)矿产、有色金属冶炼、电镀、蓄电池和用Cd化合物作原料或触媒的工厂以及烟草制造厂等。据统计,我国约20万亩农田、二十多个湖泊和水库均受Cd污
Cadmium (Cd), as an important environmental pollutant and a productive poison, poses a serious threat to human health. In 1968, the “pain disease” caused by chronic Cd poisoning was identified as a public hazard disease by the Japanese government, attracting worldwide attention for Cd pollution and Cd poisoning [1]. At present, the United States and the European Union have already restricted the production and use of Cd, while in some Asian countries including China, the situation of Cd pollution is still quite serious [2]. The pollution comes mainly from the lead and zinc (Zn) minerals, non-ferrous metal smelting, electroplating, batteries and compounds with Cd compounds as raw materials or catalysts and tobacco factories. According to statistics, about 200,000 mu of farmland in our country and more than 20 lakes and reservoirs are affected by Cd pollution