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长期以来,贵州农业生产发展十分缓慢。直至20世纪30年代,全省绝大部分地区仍处于“刀耕火种”、“轮歇丢荒”、“广种薄收”的原始型农业生产阶段。 七·七事变后,由于贵州成为抗日战争的大后方、经济建设的重要基地,贵州经济获得较大发展。1937年底,国民政府实业部部长吴鼎昌“调主黔政”,以“革新贵州农业,繁荣农村经济,增进后方生产,加强抗战力量“为其主要施政方针,与中央农林部、中央农业实验所往复磋商,于1938年4月1日建立“贵州省农业改进所”(简称农改所),专负改进全省农业之责。所有经费由贵州省政府与中央农业实验所平均负担,技术方面则由中央农业实验所派员协助。所内先后设置了农艺、森林、园艺、农作物病虫害、畜牧兽医、蚕桑、农业经济、农业工程研究等系及农业推广委员会共九个机构。以引进、改良、推广农作物和畜禽品种为中心,开展各种农业科学试验工作。该所成立以后对贵州农业经济的开发起到了重要的推动作用。
For a long time, the agricultural development in Guizhou is very slow. Until the 1930s, the vast majority of the province was still in the primitive agricultural production stage of “slash-and-burn”, “abandonment on a rotational basis” and “extensive thin collection.” After the Sept.7 Incident, as Guizhou became the rear area of the War of Resistance Against Japan and an important base for economic construction, its economy enjoyed greater development. At the end of 1937, Wu Dingchang, minister of the Ministry of Industry of the Kuomintang government, “took the lead in governing Guizhou” and took the major policy of “reforming Guizhou’s agriculture, prospering the rural economy, boosting the production at the rear and strengthening the resistance power in the war” with the Central Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry and the Central Agricultural Experiment Institute In consultation on April 1, 1938 established the “Guizhou Provincial Agricultural Improvement Institute” (referred to as the Agricultural Reform Institute), specifically for the responsibility to improve the province’s agricultural responsibility. All funds are borne by the Guizhou provincial government and the Central Agricultural Experiment Institute on an average basis and technically assisted by the Central Agricultural Experiment Station. There have been set within the agronomy, forestry, horticulture, crop pests and diseases, animal husbandry and veterinary, sericulture, agricultural economy, agricultural engineering research and agricultural extension committee and a total of nine institutions. To introduce, improve, promote crops and livestock species as the center, to carry out a variety of agricultural science experiment. After the founding of the agricultural economy in Guizhou has played an important role in promoting the development.