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成人呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)是由于休克、败血症、创伤、呼吸道病毒感染和很多其他损伤的后果。认识此症仅14年,即使有现代支持治疗,仍有半数死亡,每年患者约150,000人。ARDS——现代概念的演变1967年 Ashbaugh 描述12例 ARDS,Petty 和Ashbaugh 推测可能因缺少表面活性物质合成,与婴儿呼吸窘迫的发病机理相似。此后证明 ARDS 病例支气管肺泡洗出液有表面活性物质,但常有异常凝聚,功能上已失活。所以难以认为表面活性物质异常是ARDS 的原发致病因素,它很可能是肺损伤的另一个标志。Staub 用实验羊的下纵隔淋巴管插管取得肺淋巴液进行研究,发现在稳定状态时,肺淋巴液的组成
Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a consequence of shock, sepsis, trauma, respiratory virus infection and many other injuries. With only 14 years of awareness of this condition, half are still dead, even with modern supportive care, and about 150,000 people each year. ARDS - The Evolution of Modern Concepts Ashbaugh described 12 ARDS in 1267. Petty and Ashbaugh speculated that the lack of surfactant synthesis might be similar to the pathogenesis of respiratory distress in infants. Since then proved that ARDS bronchoalveolar lavage fluid surface active substances, but often abnormal aggregation, the function has been inactivated. Therefore, it is difficult to think that the abnormality of surfactant is the primary causative agent of ARDS and it is likely to be another sign of lung injury. Staub with experimental sheep under the mediastinum lymphatic intubation to obtain lung lymph fluid was found in the steady state, the composition of pulmonary lymph