目的了解滦南县农村学校自备井水质卫生状况。方法采用现场卫生学方法,调查全县农村学校自备井供水方式、周围污染源、卫生防护、水质消毒、水质检测结果等。结果滦南县18所寄宿制中学使用管网自建设施供水,其他非寄宿制小学使用设施简单的分散式供水;水质检测合格率低,自建设施供水合格率明显高于分散式供水,差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.438,P=0.006<0.05)。不合格的主要为微生物指标严重超标,其中总大肠菌群、耐热大肠杆菌、细菌总数检出率分别为25.86%、17.24%、56.90%,而农村分散式供水耐热大肠菌群的检出率高达35.71%;氟化物、浑浊度、锰、铁、色度、肉眼可见物也不同程度超标。结论建议教育部门加大资金投入,改变供水方式,增设消毒设备;卫生监督部门加强对自备井监督,加强供管水人员的卫生知识培训。 Objective To understand the water quality and hygiene status of self-owned wells in rural schools in Luannan County. Methods The methods of on-site hygiene were used to investigate the water supply ways of the self-provided wells in rural schools in the county, the surrounding pollution sources, sanitary protection, water quality disinfection and water quality test results. Results The 18 boarding schools in Luannan County used self-built facilities for water supply by pipe network while the other non-boarding primary schools used simple decentralized water supply facilities. The passing rate of water quality testing was low and the passing rate of self-built facilities was significantly higher than that of decentralized water supply. There was statistical significance (χ2 = 7.438, P = 0.006 <0.05). The main unqualified microorganisms exceeded the standard, of which the total coliforms, heat-resistant Escherichia coli, the total detection rate of bacteria were 25.86%, 17.24%, 56.90%, respectively, while the detection of rural distributed water heat-resistant coliforms The rate of up to 35.71%; fluoride, turbidity, manganese, iron, color, visible to the naked eye also varying degrees of excessive. Conclusions It is suggested that the education department should increase capital investment, change the mode of water supply and add disinfection equipment. Health supervision departments should strengthen the supervision of self-made wells and strengthen the training of health knowledge for water supply personnel.