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目的了解北京市怀柔区九渡河镇社区高血压患者现况及危险因素,为实施高血压干预措施,降低由高血压引起的慢性并发症的发生率提供依据。方法采取随机整群抽样的方法,于2009年8月—2010年10月对九渡河镇6个村的高血压患者进行询问调查及身高、体重、血压的测量、血生化检测,并进行统计学分析。结果高血压患者超重肥胖率为81.5%;血脂异常率为49.4%,合并有心脏、脑、血管、肾脏并发症率为20.5%,规律锻炼率为22.4%,高盐饮食率为59.1%,规律服药率为37.7%,高血压的控制率为8.9%。结论该区高血压患者的主要危险因素为超重、肥胖、高盐饮食、缺乏体育锻炼,自我管理意识差,应采取社区综合性防治措施,加强健康管理,控制或延缓并发症的发生。
Objective To understand the status and risk factors of community-based hypertension in Jiuduhe Town, Huairou District, Beijing, and to provide basis for implementing hypertension intervention and reducing the incidence of chronic complications caused by hypertension. Methods A randomized cluster sampling method was used to investigate the hypertension patients and the measurement of height and weight, blood pressure and blood biochemistry in 6 villages of Jiuduhe town from August 2009 to October 2010 and to carry out statistics analysis. Results The rate of overweight and obesity was 81.5% in patients with hypertension. The rate of dyslipidemia was 49.4%. The complication rates of heart, brain, blood vessel and kidney were 20.5%, regular exercise rate was 22.4%, high salt diet rate was 59.1% The medication rate was 37.7% and the rate of hypertension control was 8.9%. Conclusion The main risk factors for hypertensive patients in this area are overweight, obesity, high salt diet, lack of physical exercise and poor awareness of self-management. Community-based prevention and treatment measures should be taken to strengthen health management and control or delay the occurrence of complications.