本文对皖南红黄壤茶区茶园土壤根际微生物区系的组成和数量进行了系统地分析。结果表明,在茶树根际生境中,各个类群的微生物都有分布,一些对增进土壤肥力有显著效益的种群,如:固氮细菌、氮化细菌、纤维分解细菌等均很丰富。微生物分布总的趋势是根表多于根际、根际多于根外。茶树在不同的生长季节,其根际微生物数量的变化,基本上和茶树年生育周期的动态平衡相一致。茶园土壤养分状况与茶树根际微生物区系的组成和数量分布有着密切的联系。茶园铺草免耕,有促进有益微生物活动的效果。 This article systematically analyzed the composition and quantity of rhizosphere microbial flora in the tea garden soil of Wannan red-yellow soil tea area. The results showed that in the rhizosphere habitats of tea plants, the microorganisms of each group are distributed. Some populations that have significant benefits to soil fertility, such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria, nitrifying bacteria and fibrolytic bacteria, are abundant. The overall trend of microbial distribution is more root surface than rhizosphere, rhizosphere more than root. Tea tree in different growing seasons, the changes in the number of rhizosphere microorganisms, and Tea Tea is basically consistent with the dynamic balance of the annual growth cycle. The status of soil nutrients in tea plantations is closely related to the composition and distribution of microbial flora in the rhizosphere of tea plants. Tea plantations no tillage grass, there is to promote the beneficial effects of micro-organisms.