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目的 了解住院患儿的疾病谱及死亡原因的变化趋势。方法 我们整理了1982年～1997年在我院(包括儿科以外科室)住院患儿的病案资料,共计18784份。并对其病案进行了疾病分类及变化趋势、死亡原因及变化趋势的统计和分析。结果 呼吸系统疾病占所有疾病分类的首位,病人最多并有逐年增加趋势;肿瘤病人逐年增加,其增长速度最快;传染病、血液系统疾病、先天性异常等疾病则呈逐年递减趋势;新生儿疾病的病死率最高,人数最多,占所有死亡疾病的首位。结论 从1982年至1997年儿童疾病谱和死亡原因均发生了明显的变化,过去的少见病正成为现在和今后的常见病。
Objective To understand the change of disease spectrum and cause of death in hospitalized children. Methods We collected medical records of children hospitalized in our hospital (including pediatric department) from 1982 to 1997, for a total of 18,784 cases. And the disease records were classified and trends, causes and trends of death statistics and analysis. Results Respiratory diseases accounted for the top of all disease categories with the largest number of patients and a trend of increasing year by year. The number of cancer patients increased year by year with the fastest growth rate. Diseases such as infectious diseases, blood system diseases and congenital abnormalities decreased year by year. Neonates Disease has the highest mortality and the largest number, accounting for the highest proportion of all deaths and diseases. Conclusions From 1982 to 1997, the spectrum of childhood diseases and the causes of death have undergone significant changes. The rare diseases in the past are becoming the common diseases now and in the future.