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选用Landsat TM、环境星CCD、SPOT4和资源三号卫星影像等多源地学数据,通过人机交互式解译和修订土地利用与梯田数据,提出用相邻图幅递进回归分析法消除NDVI时相差异后反演植被盖度,构建起退耕还林还草面积比例、植被盖度均值变化量和有效梯田累计保存面积比例3个坡面特征变化指示参数后,运用综合聚类分析和多要素贡献率模型研究黄河中游多沙粗沙区的流域坡面水保措施变化特征。结果表明:(1)1998-2010年间研究区内流域坡面水保措施变化显著,平均退耕还林还草面积比例为5.55%,平均林草植被盖度均值增加20.63%,平均有效梯田累计保存面积比例达6.25%;(2)多要素水保措施变化共同作用下的流域坡面变化特征主要有7种类型,即植被盖度变化主导型、植被—土地变化主导型、土地—植被变化主导型、植被—梯田变化主导型、梯田—植被变化主导型、梯田面积变化主导型和多要素变化共同主导型;(3)不同类型的空间分布存在一定的地貌背景差异,后续研究应结合流域坡面变化特征及其地貌格局来优化配置水保措施,并合理估计水沙模型模拟的敏感性参数。
Using multi-source geoscience data such as Landsat TM, Environmental Star CCD, SPOT4 and Resource No.3 satellite images, we propose to eliminate NDVI by using the adjacent frame progressive regression analysis method through human-computer interactive interpretation and revision of land use and terraced data. After inverting the vegetation coverage and establishing the three slope characteristic change indication parameters of the conversion of cultivated land to forest and grassland area ratio, the average vegetation cover change and the effective preservation area ratio of terraced fields, the integrated cluster analysis and multi-factor Contribution rate model to research on the variation characteristics of soil conservation measures on watershed watershed in the middle Yellow River sediment area. The results show that: (1) The changes of soil and water conservation measures on the watershed slopes in the study area have significant changes during 1998-2010. The average proportion of converted forest and grassland is 5.55% and the mean vegetation cover is increased by 20.63% (6.25%). (2) There are mainly seven types of watershed slope change under the interaction of multi-factor change of soil and water conservation measures, that is, the vegetation cover change, the vegetation-land change dominant and the land-vegetation change dominant (3) Different types of spatial distribution have some differences in topography, and follow-up studies should be based on the combination of watershed slope Surface features and their geomorphological patterns to optimize the allocation of soil and water conservation measures and to reasonably estimate the sensitivity of water and sediment model simulation parameters.