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芬兰属大陆法系国家,在司法体制架构上遵循司法事务与行政事务相分离的原则。法院的司法行政事务由司法部负责。芬兰司法部下设四大部门,即公共司、司法管理局、立法局和狱政局。其中司法管理局内设专门负责民事执行事务的民事执行司。芬兰早在1895年就制定颁布了《执行法》,该法自实施109年来,进行过多次大的修改。2004年3月初是最新修改过的一次。 民事执行司的主要职责有五项:一是负责法院生效民事判决的执行。二是负责税收案件的强制执行。三是负责行政处罚强制执行。四是负责医疗收费的强制执行。所谓医疗收费的强制执行是指,患者在公共医疗机构(即国立医院)看过病后,不按时足额的支付应承担的医疗费用,经医院多次催促,其仍无正当理由拒不支付,医院便可以向民事执行司申请,民事执行司依据医院出具的医疗收费证明就可以强制执行,而
Finland is a civil law country, follows the principle of separation of judicial affairs and administrative affairs in the judicial system. The judicial administration of the court is the responsibility of the Ministry of Justice. The Finnish Ministry of Justice consists of four divisions: the Public Division, the Judiciary, the Legislative Council and the Prisons Council. Among them, the Judicial Administration has a Civil Enforcement Division specialized in civil execution. As early as 1895, Finland enacted the Enforcement Act, which has undergone several major changes since 109 years of implementation. Early March 2004 is the latest revision. Civil Execution Division has five main responsibilities: First, the court is responsible for the implementation of civil judgments. The second is responsible for the enforcement of tax cases. Third, be responsible for the enforcement of administrative penalties. Four is responsible for the enforcement of medical charges. The so-called enforcement of medical charges refers to the patient in the public medical institutions (that is, the National Hospital) to see the disease, not on time and in full to pay the medical expenses should be borne, the hospital repeatedly urged, it still no reason to refuse to pay , The hospital can apply to the Civil Enforcement Division and the Civil Enforcement Division can enforce it based on the medical fee certificate issued by the hospital,