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以甘肃中部地区14年生“长富2号”苹果树为试材,研究了角额壁蜂(Osmia cornifrons)花期授粉对苹果坐果率和果实产量、品质的影响。结果表明,距蜂巢<45m半径的区域内,苹果坐果率、果形指数、单果质量及667m~2产量均显著高于距蜂巢>45m的2个处理及对照的相应指标。但是各处理及对照之间果实硬度、可溶性固形物和果品花青素含量没有显著差异。确定出甘肃中部地区,密度为3m×4m的“长富2号”成龄苹果园,角额壁蜂最佳授粉有效范围主要在集中在半径45m的区域内。
Taking 14 years old “Chang Fu No.2” apple tree in the central part of Gansu Province as test material, the effects of pollination on fruit setting rate, fruit yield and quality of apple were studied. The results showed that the fruit setting rate, fruit shape index, fruit weight and yield of 667m ~ 2 were significantly higher than those of the two treatments and control of> 45m away from the hive. However, there was no significant difference in fruit firmness, soluble solids and fruit anthocyanin content between treatments and controls. The optimal apple pollination range of “Chang Fu No.2” with the density of 3m × 4m was determined in central Gansu Province. The effective pollination range was mainly in the area of 45m radius.