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铁蛋白具有储存铁及调节体内铁平衡的功能,它广泛存在于大多数生物体中.和动物铁蛋白相比,关于植物铁蛋白的研究至今很少.目前已知,植物铁蛋白主要存在于淀粉体中,而动物铁蛋白则主要存在于细胞质中.植物铁蛋白和动物铁蛋白相比,其在结构上有两个明显的特征:1.植物铁蛋白N端含有EP肽段,而动物铁蛋白则不具有.EP位于铁蛋白蛋白质外壳表面,现今发现它是作为铁蛋白第二个亚铁氧化中心,参与铁结合、氧化及种子萌发与早期生长的铁释放过程;2.在植物铁蛋白中只含有H亚基,即H-1和H-2,二者保持80%的同源性,这两个亚基在铁氧化沉淀中起着很好的协同作用.由于铁蛋白具有特殊的结构,铁蛋白不仅可以在蛋白质内部空腔装载铁核,而且人们更多地利用脱铁铁蛋白(ApoFt)的蛋白质外壳作为载体装载其它可供利用的金属离子来装备新型生物纳米运载体系,因此植物铁蛋白在材料方面的应用也是很重要的.这篇综述主要着眼于植物铁蛋白的结构、功能及其在纳米材料方面的应用.
Ferritin, which has the function of storing iron and regulating the iron balance in the body, is widely present in most organisms and few studies on phytoferritin have been reported compared to that of animal ferritin.It is known that phytoferritin is mainly present in Amylase, while animal ferritin is mainly present in the cytoplasm.Compared with animal ferritin, phytoferritin has two distinct structural features: 1. Phyto-ferritin contains an N-terminal peptide (EP), while animal ferritin Ferritin does not have .EP is located in the ferritin protein shell surface, and now it is found to be ferritin as the second ferrous oxidation center, involved in iron binding, oxidation and seed germination and early growth of iron release process; 2. In plant iron The protein contains only H subunits, H-1 and H-2, both of which retain 80% homology, and these two subunits play a very good synergistic role in the iron oxide precipitation. Since ferritin has a special , Ferritin not only can load iron core in protein cavity, but also make more use of ApoFt protein shell as carrier to load other available metal ions to equip new bio-nano-delivery system, So planted Application of ferritin in the material is also very important. This review is mainly focused on the structure of plant ferritin and their application in nanomaterials.