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现代汉语中大多数形容词都可直接修饰名词,“大”与“小”作为一对常见的形容词反义词,都可修饰名词,然而在使用上两者呈现出极大的不对等性,其表意功能差异性也很大。此现象主要与人们的认知规律以及两者意义的宽窄有关。本文指出了这种不对称现象,从认知语言学角度加以分析,予以合理的解释,并进一步指出这种不对称中又体现的对称性。以期更清楚地认识这类词,找出规律,服务于汉语教学。
Most adjectives in modern Chinese can be directly modified nouns, “big ” and “small ” as a pair of common adjective antonym, can modify nouns, but in the use of the two showed a great deal of inequality , Its ideographic function is also very different. This phenomenon is mainly related to people’s cognitive rules and the width and width of both. This paper points out the asymmetry phenomenon, analyzes it from the perspective of cognitive linguistics, gives a reasonable explanation, and further points out the symmetry embodied in this asymmetry. With a view to understanding such words more clearly, finding out the law and serving Chinese teaching.