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脑血管病是我国首位死亡原因。我国脑卒中年死亡人数200多万，在导致脑卒中发生的可控因素中，高血压和同型半胱氨酸升高位居前列，二者在导致脑卒中的发生上具有协同作用，而缺血性脑卒中是导致血管性痴呆的重要病因。我国学者将伴有同型半胱氨酸升高的高血压定义为“H型高血压”。我国原发性高血压患者中约有75％为H型高血压。血管性痴呆是指由各类脑血管病所致的痴呆综合征，是继阿尔茨海默病之后第二常见的痴呆。高血压和高同型半胱氨酸血症可引起认知功能障碍，进而导致血管性痴呆的发生，且待患者达血管性痴呆的诊断标准时，常已错过重要的早期干预治疗阶段，故在认知功能明显损害之前就发现并进行干预是非常重要的。现对H型高血压和血管性痴呆的关系做一综述。“,”Vascular dementia ( VaD) is a dementia syndrome caused by cerebrovascular disease , the second most common type of de-mentia after Alzheimer ’ s disease .High blood pressure and high homocysteine levels can lead to cognitive dysfunction , leading to the occur-rence of vascular dementia .Accurate identification and early treatment is very important before cognitive function has been damaged .This article reviews the relationship between H type hypertension and vascular dementia .