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为揭示城市化、工业化等人为活动对土壤有机碳的影响,选择能反映上海城郊乡梯度差异的城市样带,采用地统计学方法对表层土壤样品土壤有机碳的空间变异结构和分布格局进行了分析。结果表明:城市表层土壤有机碳含量均属中等变异,徐汇区土壤有机碳含量呈正态分布,奉贤区、闵行区和所研究样带土壤有机碳含量呈对数正态分布。半方差函数模型拟合结果显示徐汇和闵行区土壤有机碳符合指数模型,奉贤和所研究样带土壤有机碳符合球状模型。通过泛克里格插值得到城市表层土壤有机碳含量空间分布图,发现徐汇、闵行区土壤有机碳呈岛状,奉贤区呈条带状,而所研究样带呈条带和岛状分布相结合的特点。土壤有机碳含量城郊乡梯度差异明显,工业化、城市化、肥料投入与管理等人为因素对城市土壤有机碳空间分布密切相关。
In order to reveal the influence of anthropogenic activities such as urbanization and industrialization on soil organic carbon and select the urban transects which can reflect the gradient differences of urban suburbs in Shanghai, the spatial variability and distribution pattern of soil organic carbon in surface soil samples were studied by using geostatistics analysis. The results showed that the contents of soil organic carbon in urban soils were of medium variation, and the content of soil organic carbon was normal in Xuhui District. The contents of soil organic carbon in Fengxian District, Minhang District and the studied area were lognormally distributed. The fitting results of the semi-variance function model showed that the soil organic carbon of Xuhui and Minhang met the exponential model, while the soil organic carbon of the sample zone of Fengxian and the study met the spherical model. The spatial distribution map of soil organic C content in urban soils was obtained by ungrafted Kriging interpolation. It was found that the soil organic carbon in Xuhui and Minhang was island-like and Fengxian was strip-like, and the zonal sample was combined with the island-like distribution specialty. The gradient of soil organic carbon content in suburban villages is obviously different. The human factors such as industrialization, urbanization, fertilizer input and management are closely related to the spatial distribution of soil organic carbon in urban areas.