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一、气候变化1、全球气候变化(1)气温变化特征1906-2005年100年间全球年均地表气温上升了0.74℃,其中1956-2005年50年升温达0.65℃;20世纪后半叶可能是过去1300年中最暖的50年。其中北半球中高纬地区升温最明显。(2)降水变化特征观测表明,降水在数量、强度、频率和类型等方面都在发生着变化。与此同时,相关的研究表明,20世纪全球陆地上的降水增加了2%左右,但各个地区实际的变化并不一致。在北半球大陆中高纬大部分地区,20世纪降水增多最为明显,30°N~85°N陆地地区降水量增加7~12%,且以秋冬季节最为显著。热带(10°N~10°S)增加2~3%;但是,在北半球副热带陆地地区,年降水量却明显
I. CLIMATE CHANGE 1. GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE (1) Characteristics of Temperature Variability The global average annual surface air temperature increased by 0.74 ° C during the 100-year period from 1906 to 2005, with the temperature rising up to 0.65 ° C in 1950-55 from 1956 to 2005; the second half of the 20th century may be The warmest 50 years in the past 1300 years. Among them, the warming in the middle and high latitudes of the northern hemisphere is most obvious. (2) Observations on Precipitation Characteristics Observations show that precipitation is changing in quantity, intensity, frequency and type. In the meantime, relevant studies show that precipitation on the global land increased by about 2% in the 20th century, but the actual changes in various regions were not consistent. Most parts of the mid-high latitudes of the northern hemisphere show the most obvious increase in precipitation in the 20th century, with an increase of 7-12% in the land area of 30 ° N ~ 85 ° N, most notably in autumn and winter. The tropics (10 ° N ~ 10 ° S) increase 2 ~ 3%; however, annual precipitation is significant in the subtropical land areas of the Northern Hemisphere