[目的]了解中学生颈肩痛现患状况及其危险因素,为制定有关预防措施提供参考依据。[方法]采用整群抽样的方法,对南宁市4所学校的中学生进行颈肩痛现况调查,收集颈肩痛患病情况及其可能的危险因素。[结果]所调查的中学生颈肩痛患病率为15.2%,不同年龄组之间差异有统计学意义,14～18岁之间的患病率较高,而性别之间无差异;年龄增长、晚睡时间太迟和坐姿不正确可能是中学生颈肩痛的危险因素。[结论]颈肩痛在中学生里较为普遍,其危险因素来自于多个方面。 [Objective] To understand the prevalence and risk factors of neck and shoulder pain among middle school students and provide reference for making preventive measures. [Methods] A cluster sampling method was used to investigate the prevalence of neck and shoulder pain in four schools in Nanning. The prevalence of neck and shoulder pain and its possible risk factors were collected. [Results] The prevalence of neck and shoulder pain in middle school students was 15.2%. There was a significant difference between different age groups. The prevalence rate was higher between 14 and 18 years old, while there was no difference between the sexes. , Too late to sleep and sitting is not correct may be a risk factor for neck and shoulder pain in secondary school students. [Conclusion] Neck and shoulder pain is more common in middle school students, and its risk factors come from many aspects.