西北地区以其独特的自然地理环境,自古畜牧业十分发达。明代西北畜牧,是西北传统畜牧经济发展的一个重要历史阶段,除青海藏族各部外,活动于天山北路、阿尔多斯以西的蒙古各部都是明代西北畜牧业发展的主要推动者,这些地区在明代都是畜牧业发展的繁盛之区。而笔者所要论及的是明政府直接作出决策的西北马政制度,它是明代西北畜牧业发展的重要内容之一。 Northwest region with its unique natural geographical environment, since ancient times, animal husbandry is very developed. In the Ming Dynasty, livestock husbandry in northwest China was an important historical stage of the economic development of the traditional livestock husbandry in northwestern China. Apart from the Tibetan ministries in Qinghai Province, all the ministries in the north of Tianshan Mountain and west of Althus were the main promoters of livestock husbandry development in Northwest China in Ming Dynasty. Ming Dynasty is the prosperous area of ​​animal husbandry development. What the author should deal with is that the Ming government made decision-making directly northwest of Ma Zheng system, which is one of the important contents of the development of animal husbandry in Northwest China in the Ming Dynasty.