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【目的】研究库尔勒香梨粗皮果形成的原因及其与叶片和土壤养分状况的关系,为库尔勒香梨生产优质果品提供理论依据。【方法】以库尔勒周边正常果园和粗皮果发生较多果园的果实、邻近叶片、土壤为材料,测定库尔勒香梨果实、叶片与果园土壤中养分含量状况。【结果】7月粗皮果实全氮含量显著高于正常果,正常果与粗皮果钙含量的比值为4.755∶1;9月粗皮果实中全氮、全磷、全钾含量与正常果差异不显著。正常果与粗皮果钙含量的比值为3.870∶1。7月和9月粗皮果邻叶中钙含量显著低于正常果邻叶中钙含量。粗皮果园各层土壤中速效钾含量显著高于正常果园,粗皮果园土壤中交换性钙含量与正常果园差异不显著,粗皮果园土壤中不缺交换性钙含量。【结论】粗皮果的形成与果实中钙含量的极度缺乏相关,粗皮果钙含量的缺乏并不是由土壤钙含量的丰缺造成的。粗皮果园土壤中速效钾含量显著高于正常果园,土壤中氮、磷、钾含量比例失调是否影响库尔勒香梨树体对钙的吸收、从而造成粗皮果实有待今后研究。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the formation of crude fruit of Korla fragrant pear and its relationship with the nutrient status of leaves and soil so as to provide a theoretical basis for the production of high quality fruit from Korla fragrant pear. 【Method】 The contents of nutrients in the fruits, leaves and orchards of Korla fragrant pear were measured with the fruits orchards, the adjacent leaves and the soil of more orchards in the normal orchard and around the Korla. 【Result】 The results showed that the content of total nitrogen in crude fruits in July was significantly higher than that in normal fruits, and the ratio of normal and rough fruits was 4.755: 1. The contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium in crude fruits in September were not significantly different from those in normal fruits . The ratio of calcium content in normal fruit to crude fruit was 3.807: 1. The calcium content in the adjacent leaves of crude fruit was significantly lower than that in the normal fruit in July and September. The contents of available potassium in the layers of crude orchard were significantly higher than those in the normal orchards. There was no significant difference in the exchangeable calcium content between the crude orchard soil and the normal orchards, and the exchange rate of calcium in the crude orchard soils was not lacking. 【Conclusion】 The formation of crude fruit is related to the extremely lack of calcium in the fruit. The lack of calcium in the crude fruit is not caused by the abundance or deficiency of calcium in the soil. The content of available potassium in the crude orchard soil was significantly higher than that in the normal orchard. Whether the imbalance of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in the soil affected the absorption of calcium in the pear body of Korla led to the need for future research.