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竺可桢的《向沙漠进军》是较典型的一篇说明文,作者抓住事物的特征和本质说明沙漠对人类的危害,用一定的说明方法说明改造沙漠的重要性和必要性。在教学中我抓住怎样向沙漠进军这一重点段落,先明确提示作者是按“如何抵御沙漠的进攻,如何向沙漠进军,如何利用沙漠”三步安排说明顺序的。然后把课前设计的图画在小黑板上(见图)让学生根据图上画的内容回答问题。学生能把沙漠向人类进攻有“游击战”、“阵地战”两种方式很快答出来,而且还能指出此处用了比喻的修辞手法
Zhu Keji’s “Entering the Desert” is a typical explanatory text. The author grasps the characteristics and nature of things to explain the harm of the desert to humans, and uses certain explanatory methods to illustrate the importance and necessity of transforming deserts. In the teaching, I grasped the key section of how to march to the desert. I first clearly pointed out that the author described the sequence in three steps: “How to resist desert attacks, how to enter the desert, how to use the desert”. Then put the pictures designed before the class on the small blackboard (see figure) and ask the students to answer the questions according to the contents on the picture. Students can quickly resolve the desert to human offensive “guerrilla warfare” and “position warfare”, and can also point out that metaphorical rhetoric is used here.