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[目的]了解上海市湖南社区老年人体质指数(BMI)的分布情况及与高血压、高血糖、血脂紊乱、高尿酸、代谢综合征等患病情况的关系,以便更好地进行干预。[方法]对社区中60岁以上老人进行体检,询问病史,测定身高、体重、血压、空腹血糖、血脂、血尿酸等。[结果]639名资料齐全的老人平均BMI为24.15±3.38,其中男性为24.11±3.15,女性为24.18±3.53。超重、肥胖比例达51.64%,高于体重正常组,男性60～69岁组肥胖比例最高。60岁以上老人高血压检出率在超重和肥胖人群中高达83.40%和87.01%,明显高于体重正常组。血脂紊乱检出率在超重和肥胖人群中高达67.98%和75.33%,高于低体重组和正常体重组;正常体重组女性血脂紊乱检出率高达66.86%,高于同组男性的50.42%。代谢综合征检出率在超重、肥胖人群中分别为35.97%、61.04%,明显高于低体重组和正常体重组。高尿酸血症在肥胖组中达36.36%,高于另3组。高血糖检出率以超重和肥胖组为高。[结论]应加强健康教育,提前控制体重等心脑血管疾病危险因素,以利提高老年人的生存质量。
[Objective] To understand the distribution of body mass index (BMI) of elderly in community in Shanghai and its relationship with hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, metabolic syndrome and other diseases in order to better intervene. [Methods] The physical examination of the elderly over 60 years old in the community was conducted, the medical history was asked, and the height, weight, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, blood lipids and blood uric acid were measured. [Results] The average BMI of 639 elderly persons with complete data was 24.15 ± 3.38, of which 24.11 ± 3.15 for males and 24.18 ± 3.53 for females. The proportion of overweight and obesity reached 51.64%, which was higher than that of normal weight group. The male obesity rate was the highest in 60-69 years old group. The detection rate of hypertension in the elderly over 60 years old was 83.40% and 87.01% in the overweight and obesity groups, which was significantly higher than that of the normal weight group. The detection rate of dyslipidemia was 67.98% and 75.33% in overweight and obesity groups, which were higher than those in low and normal weight groups. The detection rate of dyslipidemia in normal weight group was as high as 66.86%, which was higher than that in the same group of men (50.42%). Metabolic syndrome detection rate in overweight, obese people were 35.97%, 61.04%, significantly higher than the low body weight and normal weight group. Hyperuricemia in the obesity group reached 36.36%, higher than the other three groups. High blood sugar detection rate of overweight and obesity group is high. [Conclusion] Health education should be strengthened to control the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases such as body weight in advance so as to improve the quality of life of the elderly.